Dermatology and Skin Care Sciences

Surgery that specialises in treating all skin disorders is called dermatological surgery. It connects plastic surgery and dermatology since dermatological surgical procedures frequently involve eliminating skin lesions and repairing the skin using drugs or reconstructive surgery techniques.

• Moles, Cysts
• Lipomas, Fibromas
• Papilloma’s
• Actinic keratosis or Seborrhoeic keratosis
• Melanomas
• Telangiectasia

The goal of aesthetic dermatology is to minimise physical flaws, treat or prevent skin ageing, or simply enhance the appearance of healthy people's skin. It's common to think that certain methods, techniques, or instruments will make it easier to accomplish these objectives.

The phrase "aesthetic medicine" refers to a broad range of medical disciplines that target improving cosmetics appearance by treating issues like scars, skin laxity, wrinkles, moles, liver spots, excess fat, cellulite, undesirable hair, skin discoloration, and spider veins.

• Wrinkle Relaxers
• Ichthyosis
• Soft Tissue Fillers
• Chemical Peels
• Treatment of Skin Discoloration

Dermatopathology is a collaborative specialisation of dermatology and pathology, sometimes known as surgical pathology that focuses on the microscopic and molecular investigation of cutaneous diseases. It also includes fundamental assessments of the possible origins of skin diseases.

• Lichen Planus
• Mycosis Fungoides
• Human Papilloma Virus Infection
• Dermatitis Herpetiformis

One of the most often utilised surgical methods for treating skin cancer is the Mohs surgical procedure. Thin layers of skin that contain cancer are gradually removed during the Mohs procedure, and any remaining tissue is then analysed to ensure that it is cancer-free. The Mohs surgical procedure is also known as Mohs micrographic surgery. All of the various skin-related issues and surgical procedures can be discussed during this session, along with skin cancer.

• Cryosurgery
• Dermabrasion
• Imiquimod
• Chemotherapy
• Debridement

The study of the harmful effects of chemicals on living creatures is under the purview of toxicology, a branch of biology, chemistry, and pharmaceutical sciences. It also involves examining the potentially harmful effects of chemical, biological, and physical changes in organic structures that determine the severity of injury to living things. All areas covered by toxicology and pharmacology will be addressed in this session.

• In vitro skin-toxic pharmacological models
• Treatment & diagnosis of erythema toxicum
• Nano materials penetration in treatment of skin disorders
• Plasminogen activators and inhibitors
• Cutaneous barrier dysfunction

Several techniques, including warm, synthetic, mechanical, infusion, and light, can be used to rejuvenate the skin. A remedial procedure (or a group of restorative drugs) called facial restoration aims to revive the face's vernal appearance. The restoration of the face typically involves both deliberate and careless choices. The level of intrusiveness and depth of treatment varies between methods. Through specialised procedures, facial reconstruction, and skin alterations, surgeries will restore facial equilibrium. Non-surgical procedures will focus on the precise depths of facial structures and address specific facial issues like wrinkles, skin laxity, physiological status, and scars.

• Synthetic restoration with substance strips
• Photograph revival with light heartbeats from lasers or lights
• Infusions for revival with Botox, fillers, collagen

The Neonatology department plays a vital role in paediatric disorders and the medical status of new-borns and infants. Paediatrics is hospital-related teaching. For new-borns, this is mainly possible in intensive care units. A key component is paediatric perinatology, which addresses the embryo and related health concerns during incubation as shown in paediatric neonatology.

• Disorders of the Neonatal Period
• Unit for Neonatal Intensive Care
• Neonates and Epilepsy
• Neurology of the new born
• Neonatal Respiratory Conditions

Nanotechnologies demonstrate progress in the realm of experimentation by increasing the item's effectiveness through the delivery of creative results. The use of nanotechnology is growing in the cosmetics industry. For disorders like wrinkles, photo ageing, hyperpigmentation, dandruff, and hair damage, Nano cosmeceuticals have been used for skin, hair, nail, and lip care.

The use of conventional conveyance requests has been replaced by the use of novel Nano carriers such as liposomes, noisome, Nano emulsions, micro emulsions, stable lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid transporters, and Nano spheres. These cunning Nano carriers benefit from improved skin penetration, coordinated and timely medication release, greater potency, and site-specific targeting.

• Nano cosmeceuticals
• Nanostructured lipid transporters
• Carbon nanotubes
• Gold nanoparticles
• Nano emulsions

It is a nonclinical telemedicine tool used mostly for the examination of cutaneous histologic samples. There are many research works available that discuss the evaluation of tele dermatology’s diagnostic concordance. Tele dermatology is used to compare its diagnostic capabilities to our traditional in-person examinations.

• E-Prescription
• E-healthcare
• E-pharmacy
• Telemedicine
• Tele cosmetology

Pediatric dermatologists become experts at identifying children's skin conditions and treating them successfully, including sensitive child care. They carefully and medically treat skin conditions including moles and other skin sores. There are more childhood physical anomalies, such as the elongation of the youth vein, that lend credence to the idea that they don't occur in adults. Extremely young children may exhibit exceptional symptoms of a disease or problem under generally understood circumstances when receiving psoriasis treatment.

• Puerile seborrhoea dermatitis
• Herpes zoster
• Vascular and pigmented skin pigmentations
• Psoriasis in adolescence
• Popular urticarial

The body's exterior and some mouth-related parts Surgery involves treating various conditions, illnesses, and abnormalities of the head, neck, jaws, and soft tissues of the face, mouth, and maxillofacial region. Typical oral surgical challenges, jaw and inborn facial disproportion, face injuries, mouth cancer, diseases of the salivary organs, temporomandibular joint abnormalities, and other beneficial pathologies are among them. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons treat patients of all ages, from new-borns to the elderly. They will take care of children who were born with cranial or facial deformities like cleft lip or palate.

• Tooth extraction
• Dental Bone grafts & implants
• Periodontal Surgery
• Sleep Apnea surgery
• Cleft lip and palate repair

The scientific study of hair and scalp health is the focus of the dermatology subspecialty known as trichology. It comprises identifying the causes of hair loss, breakage, thinning, miniaturisation, and scalp conditions and treating them appropriately. A medical procedure called hair transplantation involves moving hair follicles from one bald or thinning area of the body to another. It is most frequently used to treat Male Pattern Baldness (MPB). Grafts containing hair follicles that are genetically resistant to balding (such those located on the back of the head) are applied to the bald scalp during this minimally invasive treatment. Scars from previous hair transplants, pubic hair, chest hair, eyelashes, eyebrows, beard hair, and beard hair can all be repaired with hair transplantation.

• Endocrine system and hair growth
• Hair root organization
• Hair follicle stem cells
• Facial and skin rejuvenation techniques
• Laser applications in cosmetic surgery

Liposuction is a cosmetic surgery that eliminates excess fat that diet and exercise don't appear to be able to get rid of. In order to modify a person's shape, the surgeon typically performs this operation on their hip, belly, thigh, buttocks, back, arm, and face. This is also possible with a belly tuck, breast reduction, and facelift.

• Tumescent liposuction
• Ultrasound assisted liposuction
• Laser assisted liposuction

A range of congenital (present at birth) and traumatic deformities of the face, skull, and jaws, as well as their connected structure and post-operative deformity, are addressed by the subspecialty of craniofacial surgery, which includes plastic, oral, maxillofacial, and head and neck surgery. Doctors of craniofacial surgery can correct the following conditions: Congenital conditions like craniosynostosis can lead to a range of issues such intracranial weight gain, skull distortion, visual loss, and formative report. In surgical intercession, a multidisciplinary approach is used, including paediatric neurosurgeons.

• Bone grafting
• Genioplasty
• Craniosynostosis surgery
• Distraction osteogenesis
• Facial reanimation
• Microtia

The term "otoplasty" is another name for cosmetic ear surgery. This is the procedure for altering the ear's size, position, and form. Even those who were born with ear abnormalities may be subjected to this. Only until the ear has attained its full size is otoplasty possible (usually it would be after age 5-adulthood). The hazards of otoplasty include scarring, ear placement, and issues with the stitches.

• Ear augmentation
• Ear reduction

Our outside look is destroyed and our sensation is diminished when we have a major wound or burn. Reconstruction of the damaged area will be aided by the burn surgery. Acute and reconstructive burn surgery fall under these categories. Acute burn surgery refers to the treatment that is provided right away by trauma surgeons following the burn. Reconstructive burn surgery will help the burn scars look better on the outside.

• Skin grafts
• Debridement
• Amputations

Skin surface microscopy is used for dermoscopy, sometimes referred to as epiluminoscopy and epiluminescent. Examining the skin lesion with pigment. It is a non-invasive method for evaluating the epidermis, dermoepidermal junction, and papillary dermis colours and microstructures that are not immediately visible to the human eye. A strong illumination system and an extremely sophisticated magnifying lens are essential for dermatoscopy. This method is useful for identifying pigmented skin lesions. This procedure should only be utilised by professionals due of its complexity.

• Dermatopathology
• Tele-Dermoscopy
• Mobile tele dermatology
• Covid19 and teledermatology
• Health Care Management

Veterinarian dermatology deals with the diagnosis and treatment of problems affecting an animal's skin, ear, hair, nail, hoof, or mouth. Dermatology in veterinary medicine focuses on the diagnosis and care of conditions affecting an animal's skin, ears, fur, nails, hooves, or mouth. It is very important for veterinary dermatologists to learn how to treat allergic skin conditions. Other specialised diagnostic methods include intradermal allergy testing and serological allergy monitoring.

• Skin allergies
• Environmental sensitivities
• Bite marks left by parasites
• Autoimmune skin condition
• Parasitic bites

A cosmetic procedure called blepharoplasty may be used to correct eyelid abandons, distortions, and distortions. To correct the aesthetics of the facial eye ranges. You'll make eyes look more relaxed and refreshed by reducing slack and puffy eyelids. From time to time, doctors advise eyelid surgery to improve vision for therapeutic purposes. Although eyelid surgery is widespread, there may be significant risks and severe problems. When you are older than 30 years old, you start to experience drooping eyelids. Usually the best age for blepharoplasty, but younger people can nevertheless get the procedure.

• Epiphora and eye discomfort
• Diplopia
• Eye injury
• Abnormal scarring
• Orbital bleeding with loss of vision
• Superficial ecchymosis and bruise

A relatively new subspecialty of psychosomatic medicine is psycho-dermatology. It is the end result of the interplay between the skin and the psyche. While psychiatry concentrates on "internal" nonvisible illnesses, dermatology focuses on "external" visible problems. Ectoderm bridges the gap by uniting the two fields of study at the embryonic stage. Skin and the immunological and neuroendocrine systems have intricate interactions.

Skin responds to both endogenous and external stimuli, taking in and integrating environmental cues as well as letting others know about interior conditions. A disorder in which the interaction of the mind and the skin is present is known as a psych dermatologic disorder. Psychophysiological disorders, primary psychiatric disorders, and secondary psychiatric disorders are the three categories into which psych dermatologic illnesses are divided.

• Psychoneuroimmunology
• Psychophysiological Disorders
• Psychiatric Disorders with Dermatological Symptoms
• Dermatological Disorders with Psychiatric Symptoms

A Cosmetic dental operation is a dental procedure. This will enhance the look of your smile as well as the appearance of your teeth and mouth. Comparatively speaking, the process employed in cosmetic dentistry is relatively straightforward. Dentistry materials manufactured in a dental laboratory include inlays and onlays.

• Whitening
• Teeth reshaping
• Orthodontic treatment
• Implants
• Crowns
• Veneers
• Gum lifts

Disorders of skin pigmentation have an impact on skin colour. While some pigmentation disorders only affect a small portion of the skin, others affect the entire body. Skin with an excess of melanin is dark, whereas skin with an insufficient amount is light. Sun exposure, pregnancy, and Addison's disease are all potential causes of skin darkening. On the other hand, vitiligo causes areas of the skin to become lighter. A hereditary condition associated with skin colour is albinism. A person with albinism may be colour-blind, have lighter skin than average, or have uneven skin where some parts lack colour

• Albinism
• Melasma
• Pigment loss after skin damage
• Vitiligo