21^st International Conference on Dermatology and Skin Care Sciences November 07-08, 2022 Paris, France

A medical expert who specializes in treating the hair, skin, nails, and oral cavity is called a dermatologist. It is these specially trained doctors who help treat thousands of different types of skin diseases rare and common conditions for all age groups. Surgical dermatology is a specialized skill built into the dermatologist’s practice. The procedures get rid of skin problems fast and usually achieve long-lasting, aesthetically pleasing results. However, surgery is not appropriate for every skin condition, and it can produce side effects that not everyone can tolerate.

• Wart removal treatments
• Acne treatments
• Psoriasis treatments
• Skin biopsy
• Electrosurgery
• Curettage and cautery
• Wound closure
• Flaps
• Skin grafting

A dermatopathologist is a pathologist or dermatologist who specializes in the pathology of the skin. This field is shared by dermatologists and pathologists. Usually, a dermatologist or pathologist completes one year of dermatopathology fellowship. This usually includes six months of general pathology and six months of dermatopathology. Alumni of both specialties can qualify as dermatopathologists. At the completion of a standard residency in dermatology, many dermatologists are also competent at dermatopathology. Some dermatopathologists qualify to sit for their examinations by completing a residency in dermatology and one in pathology.

• A change in the way a mole looks
• Stubborn acne
• Hives or rashes
• Scars from blemishes, cuts, or scrapes
• Skin irritation
• Ingrown nails or fungus
• Hair Loss

Physicians can qualify for this specialization by completing both a pediatric residency and a dermatology residency. Or they might elect to complete a post-residency fellowship. This field encompasses the complex diseases of the neonates, hereditary skin disease, genodermatoses, and the many difficulties of working with the pediatric population. Adult and Pediatric Dermatology specializes in medical and cosmetic dermatology. They offer complete care that makes each patient look and feel their best while improving their overall health and well-being.

• Acne, blocked skin follicles that lead to oil, bacteria and dead skin buildup in your pores.
• Alopecia areata, losing your hair in small patches.
• Atopic dermatitis (eczema), dry, itchy skin that leads to swelling, cracking or scaliness.
• Psoriasis, scaly skin that may swell or feel hot.
• Raynaud’s phenomenon, periodic reduced blood flow to your fingers, toes or other body parts, causing numbness or skin color change.
• Rosacea, flushed, thick skin and pimples, usually on the face.
• Skin cancer, uncontrolled growth of abnormal skin cells.
• Vitiligo, patches of skin that lose pigment.

Psychodermatology addresses the interaction between mind and skin. Psychiatry is more focused on the “internal” nonvisible disease, and dermatology is focused on the “external” visible disease. Connecting the disciplines is a complex interplay between neuroendocrine and immune systems that has been described as the NICS, or the neuro-immuno-cutaneous system. The interaction between nervous system, skin, and immunity has been explained by release of mediators from NICS.

• The treatment goal is to improve functioning
• Reduce physical distress
• Improve sleep disturbances and manage psychiatric symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, low self-esteem and social isolation.
• A good physician-patient relationship

Immunodermatology studies skin as an organ of immunity in health and disease. Immunology is the study of the immune system and is a very important branch of the medical and biological sciences. If the immune system is not functioning as it should, it can result in disease, such as autoimmunity, allergy and cancer. Several areas have special attention, such as photo-immunology (effects of UV light on skin defense), inflammatory diseases such as Hidradenitis suppurativa, allergic contact dermatitis and atopic eczema, presumably autoimmune skin diseases such as vitiligo and psoriasis, and finally the immunology of microbial skin diseases such as retrovirus infections and leprosy.

• Diabetes
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Psoriasis /psoriatic arthritis
• Multiple sclerosis
• Systemic lupus erythematous
• Inflammatory bowel disease

Skin lesions associated with vitamin B12 deficiency are skin hyperpigmentation, vitiligo, angular stomatitis, and hair changes. Cutaneous lesions that do not respond to conventional therapy can be an indication of vitamin B12 deficiency. Malabsorption is the most common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency.

•  Adapalene topical (Differin) cream is now available over-the-counter without a prescription
• Dupixent can be used with or without topical corticosteroids
• Shingrix has demonstrated a high rate of effectiveness
• To prevent contact dermatitis, avoid the object when possible

Skin cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal skin cells. It occurs when damage to skin cells most often caused by ultraviolet radiation from sunshine or tanning beds causes skin cells to multiply rapidly and form malignant tumors. Given time to grow, treatment for carcinoma be converted into harder. in contrast to topical therapy, which is applied to the skin, elementary therapy will attack cancer cells that have to unfold to humor nodes and different organs.

• Radiation therapy
• Chemotherapy
• Photodynamic therapy
• Biological therapy

“A woman's body goes through several hormonal changes in her life an important one being pregnancy,” In most cases, skin and hair issues such as acne, dull skin and hair fall get resolved naturally after the first trimester, and the woman's skin looks ravishing. But I have seen where the reverse is also true. There could be a flare-up of acne and an increase in pigmentation, which is very common and termed as the ‘pregnancy mask' or melasma.” Here, the doctors give us the complete glossary for pregnancy skin concerns.

• dry skin
• darkening skin (a condition called cholasma)
• Acne

A drug allergy is the abnormal reaction of your immune system to a medication. Any medication over-the-counter, prescription or herbal is capable of inducing a drug allergy. However, a drug allergy is more likely with certain medications. vaccines have the potential to cause allergic reactions . Vaccines, specifically individual components of the vaccine, are known to, although rarely, cause serious complications. Even after an allergic reaction after vaccination, it is difficult to ascertain whether the allergic reaction was caused by the vaccine itself or other factors

• Skin rash
• Hives
• Itching
• Fever
• Swelling
• Shortness of breath
• Wheezing
• Runny nose

Allergic reactions occur when the body’s immune system has a reaction to a substance it sees as harmful, called an allergen. Allergies are complex diseases featuring local tissue inflammation, which is characterized by an exaggerated type 2 immune response to environmental compounds known as allergens. Pollens, environmental fungi, and house dust mites are examples of common allergens. Bacteria have a dual role in allergy.

•  Food Allergy
• Insect Allergy
• Latex Allergy
• Mold Allergy
• Pet Allergy
• Pollen Allergy

A skin allergy is when skin becomes irritated because the immune system reacted to something that is usually harmless. This is called an allergic reaction. An allergic reaction can cause rash, itching, burning, redness, bumps, hives, and swelling. Many different allergens can cause a reaction. Bacterial skin infection starts with small and red punch that slowly increase in size. Few bacterial infections are mild and easily treated with sultry antibiotics, but other infections need an oral antibiotic.

• Eczema (atopic dermatitis)
• Contact dermatitis (irritant and allergic)
• Hives (urticaria)
• Swelling (angioedema)

Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease. It can cause skin cells to grow so quickly that they accumulate on the surface of the skin. Patches of rough, scaly skin can appear anywhere on the body, including the scalp. Seborrheic dermatitis is a skin condition that can cause rough, scaly skin on the scalp and face. Psoriasis plaques are itchy like seborrheic dermatitis, but they can also be painful. About one-third of people with psoriasis get a form of arthritis as the disease gets worse. The scales on psoriasis plaques are thicker than those of seborrheic dermatitis, with more defined edges

• Inverse psoriasis
• Guttate psoriasis
• Pustular psoriasis
• Erythrodermic psoriasis

Acne scarring is due to touching and squeezing spots. This damages small veins, glands and tissues surrounding the spots which creates scarring," he says. Unlike acne scarring, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is simply a form of skin pigmentation (like sun damage), which occurs as a result of trauma to the skin. Hyperpigmentation is an umbrella term that refers to spots on your skin, which could range from melasma to age or liver spots. Acne scarring too comes under this. The raised dark portion of the acne scar is known as hyperpigmentation. The main cause of the same is too much melanin.

• azelaic acid
• glycolic acid
• kojic acid
• retinoids (retinol, tretinoin, adapalene gel, or tazarotene)
• vitamin C

The second wave of coronavirus symptoms are slightly different from its primary ones and are more frightening. Even though we are aware of how viruses affect vital organs, there are many things that we still do not consider to be COVID signs. Some warning indicators are highly terrifying and simple to miss. The SARS-COV-2 virus can lead to symptoms, including skin infections. The newest symptom to be concerned about is COVID nails, which have long been regarded as an uncommon COVID sign. Unique marks on the nail beds may also be a sign that a person has previously been exposed to a COVID-19 infection. Nail lines and spots that are easily seen. Rashes can itch, hurt, and look like there is extensive skin irritation. You could contract COVID-19 for various reasons.

• Skin sensitivity
• Urticarial
• Rashes and Blisters

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that develops when melanocytes (the cells that give the skin its tan or brown color) start to grow out of control. Cancer starts when cells in the body begin to grow out of control. Cells in nearly any part of the body can become cancer, and can then spread to other areas of the body. It's likely that a combination of factors, including environmental and genetic factors, causes melanoma. Still, doctors believe exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun and from tanning lamps and beds is the leading cause of melanoma.

• Nodular melanoma and superficial spreading melanoma
• Malignant melanoma of the limbs
• Melanoma with acral lentiginosity

Clinical dermatology encompasses all skin disorders and diseases as well as the manifestations which occur in the skin but which originate in another part of the body. In fact, clinical dermatology is a speciality of medicine that consists of a complete range of diseases and conditions of the hair, nails, and skin of the patient. Dermatologists are professionals who evaluate and treat patients suffering from malignant and benign disorders affecting these external areas of the body.

• Blisters(Blisters are skin lesions filled with a clear fluid)
• Macules( Macules are small spots that are typically brown, red, or white)
• Nodules
• Papules
• Pustules
• Rashes
• Wheals

Dermatology diseases includes common skin rashes to severe skin infections, which occurs due to range of things, such as infections, heat, allergens, system disorders and medications. Foremost common skin disorders are dermatitis. Although relatively straightforward to examine, the skin is the largest organ and has numerous potential abnormalities - there are about 1500 distinct skin diseases and many variants.

• blocked skin follicles that lead to oil, bacteria and dead skin buildup in your pores.
• Alopecia areata
• Atopic dermatitis (eczema)
• Rosacea
• Diaper Rash
• Eczema

Mesotherapy is a technique that uses injections of vitamins, enzymes, hormones, and plant extracts to rejuvenate and tighten skin, as well as remove excess fat. Michel Pistor, a doctor in France, developed the technique in 1952. It was originally used to relieve pain. Mesotherapy was found to be a safe procedure with mild and temporary side-effects, such as nausea, fatigue, numbness, sweating, headache, ecchymosis, bleeding, pain and local reaction at the injection site.stinging and a burning sensation .

• Remove fat in areas like the stomach, buttocks, hips, legs, arms
• Reduce cellulite
• Fade wrinkles and lines
• Tighten loose skin
• Recontour the body
• Lighten pigmented skin
• Treat alopecia ( hair loss)

In alopecia areata, the immune System mistakenly assaults hair follicles, inflicting inflammation. Researchers do now no longer completely recognize what reasons the immune assault on hair follicles, however they consider that each genetic and environmental (non-genetic) elements play a role. A deficiency in diet D may be connected to many unique varieties of autoimmune disease such as alopecia areata. This observe located that diet D deficiency become a danger element for growing alopecia areata and that a widespread variety of sufferers with this situation had low tiers of diet D.

• Alopecia areata (patchy) The main characteristic of the patchy type of alopecia areata is one or more coin-sized patches of hair loss on the skin or body
• Alopecia totalis. Alopecia totalis occurs when you have hair loss across the entire scalp
• Alopecia universalis
• Diffuse alopecia areata
• Ophiasis alopecia